Living Through Our Tears

Isaiah 25:6-9      

John 11:32-44    

Not long ago in our Tuesday Bible Study we discussed a text from the book of Ezra in which the people of Israel are gathering at the site of the new temple. The young ones cheer for joy and the old ones cry. And the cheers were loud and the weeping was loud, and you couldn’t make out the crying from the shouting because it was all mixed up together. Sort of like a school playground during kindergarten recess.

And we mused about why the old ones were crying. Possibly because they felt a fresh wave of grief over the loss of the old temple, and all the loss that had gone with it. But it’s also possible their tears were expressions of joy and gratitude, because they were given a chance to begin again. Tears can have many meanings. Quite likely, these tears were a mixture of grief and gratitude.

It may be sort of a mash-up in the Ezra story, but most of the time tears are mentioned in the scriptures they are understood to be expression of real grief, of pain. A little or a lot of sadness leaking out of the body. Whether it’s the expression of longing for a day to come when God shall wipe away every tear, and the pain and sadness – and disgrace – of the people will be gone; or it’s the wailing of a people who are in the throes of grief, like Mary and the others who attended the burial of Lazarus; tears are an accompaniment to the losses experienced in life.

Around death, you will almost certainly encounter some tears. Even Jesus weeps. Some of you might recall a time when John 11:35 was every child’s favorite Bible memory verse – “Jesus wept,” as it is rendered in the King James. Back then it meant nothing more than that it was short and easy to remember. As we grow older, however, the notion of Jesus weeping resonates more deeply.

It is the only time we ever see such a deep expression of feeling from him. Throughout his ministry in which he is chased and threatened and provoked; through all his travels in which he encounters so many people who suffer deeply, so much sickness and persecution and loss. Through it all Jesus never shows this kind of sorrow. It’s fair to wonder, why now? And we can come up with all kinds of explanations, I’m sure. But, of course, we know that tears always come unbidden. Tears don’t reveal everything that is behind them.

Even Jesus might have been caught by surprise when the tears began to flow. Perhaps he didn’t know why he was crying at the time. Yes, he loved Lazarus. But was that all that was going on? Doubtful. There was so much going on.

This story is part of a much longer narrative that comes at a pivotal moment in the gospel. It begins when Jesus receives word from Mary, Lazarus’ sister, that he is quite ill and they want Jesus to come to Bethany. But Jesus, strangely, does nothing. He deliberately stays away. In response to the message, he says, “This is not the kind of illness that leads to death.” He says, “This is really all for God’s glory,” and probably no one understood what he meant by that, but in any case, they did not go. Bethany was in Judea, near Jerusalem, and Jesus has recently had some trouble in Jerusalem, where a crowd of people tried to stone him and he barely escaped with his life. So, quite likely, his disciples agreed that it was best for Jesus not to go anywhere near there, and Mary and Martha and Lazarus would have to get along without him.

But then two days later, out of the blue, Jesus announces, “We’re going to Judea; Lazarus has fallen asleep and I am going to wake him.” And the disciples wonder if he’s lost his mind. Nonetheless, they go.

By the time they arrive, they learn that Lazarus is dead, and has been in the tomb for four days. Four days. We are to know that he is really and truly and completely dead. There is no chance that he has just fallen asleep. He is dead.

And then Jesus encounters an angry Mary.

She is angry at Jesus. She gave him word of Lazarus’ condition. She asked him to come. She knew that Jesus could have done something – he could have saved Lazarus from death, but for some reason she couldn’t begin to fathom, Jesus had not come. Until now, and now was too late.

She was angry at him, and she let him know: “He did not have to die.” It’s as simple as that. Jesus could have prevented it – Mary knew it, everyone knew it – but he didn’t.

Mary wept, and I believe her tears were sadness, grief, and anger all mixed together. Like when you can’t tell if you feel mad or sad because you’re zigzagging in between the two things.

I remember standing at the bedside of a woman in the hospital, who died with her son and daughter beside her. and when they realized she had taken her last breath, they stood up and cried and raged, saying, “The hospital killed our mother!” So powerless were they in their grief, so badly they wanted to blame somebody for their loss.

We don’t accept loss easily.

Mary’s tears, and the tears of all the others who have accompanied her in her grieving, come together in a chorus, and then Jesus joins them in their weeping.

Weeping for his friend Lazarus. Weeping for the devotion of Mary and Martha. Weeping for the accumulating weight of his own suffering, suffering that will reach its apex soon in Jerusalem. Sad and mad at the suffering he will be made to endure, suffering that all humankind undergoes, sad and mad at the power of death in our lives.

They take Jesus to the tomb where Lazarus’ body lies behind the stone. Roll the stone away, Jesus calls out. Martha, the practical sister, knows the stench will be overpowering, and cautions Jesus. Again, the King James says it best: “But Lord, he stinketh.” Why open it now? It is too late now to do anything, but Jesus demands it. Lazarus, Come out. And the dead man walks.

There is no way to explain this mystery. We imagine things we have seen in horror films – The Mummy; Lazarus’ halting steps, strips of grave cloth hanging from his body. Or zombies; Lazarus’ lifeless face, distant eyes unable to comprehend what he sees. For me, it is hard to see him as fully alive at this point. Because he has been dead.

But great as this mystery is, it is the gospel hope. He, who was dead, is now alive. We, who were once dead, are given new life. In Jesus Christ we receive the gift of life.

Thomas, the disciple who later acquired a reputation as a doubter, said something to Jesus when he announced that they were going to Bethany to wake Lazarus – words that could be called prophetic. He said, Let us go with you, that we might die with him. It probably didn’t make sense to anyone at the time, but Thomas was giving voice to a glimpse of the good news: that we, too will die and rise with Jesus. This is our belief. This is our hope. That, although we die, we will live.

And this is the strange hope we center our worship around on All Saint’s Day. We who belong to Christ suffer in this life. He did not take that from us. In this life, though we love Jesus we experience loss, even death. Including, we know, our own death some day. As the Apostle Paul wrote: as we live, we live to the Lord; as we die, we die to the Lord, so whether we live or die we belong to the Lord who gives us life everlasting.

The strange Lazarus narrative shows us that as much as we really do live, we will really truly die. We will someday be as dead as Lazarus was dead. But Christ has power greater than death. The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ conquered death once and for all. While we mourn the loss of our loved ones, the saints who have gone before us, we know that they live in Christ, with him in God’s kingdom. And that we will someday be reunited with them in glory.

Today we remember the ones who have gone before. In a mixture of gratitude for their lives and all they gave us, and grief for the fact that they have left us. But today we also look to a day when we will sit at table again with them – as Isaiah says, with well-aged wine and rich food – a day when God will wipe away the tears from all faces. Let us be glad and rejoice.

All thanks and glory be to God.

Photo Credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Einzelne_Kerze.JPG#/media/File:Einzelne_Kerze.JPG

The Benefits of Membership

Mark 10:35-45    

I was thinking of my old friend Bill this past week. He died a couple of years ago at the age of 82. I first met him when he invited me to join him and his wife to a dinner theatre performance of The Sound of Music. He picked me up in his Buick. We talked about cars. Bill was an avid member of the Buick Club of America.

I never knew there was a Buick Club until I met Bill. He was very enthusiastic about it. He went to Buick meets, joined in with Buick Club tours whenever he could. Bill had a barn on his property which held a variety of Buicks, so part of the fun was deciding which one to drive when he went to Buick Club events.

The Buick Club was not his whole life, though. He was also a Free Mason, and had several other affiliations, including the Presbyterian Church. Membership was a significant part of Bill’s life; he was an organization man, in the best sense of the word; a man of his generation. He worked for corporations, he joined clubs and fraternities, and he believed in the mutual benefits of being a member.

Many of his friends from the Buick Club came to his funeral, all of them wearing their club jackets. They were friendly with everyone, but they mostly stayed together, sort of huddled in a circle. You could see they had a good camaraderie, a sense of belonging with one another.

I thought about Bill because I was thinking about membership. The gospel today takes us to another somewhat absurd conversation between Jesus and his disciples – another day in which the disciples demonstrate for us how immune they are to learning – when James and John announce that they want Jesus to do for them whatever they ask of him. Like he’s their personal genie in a bottle. When I think of all the comebacks Jesus might have given them, what he actually said is not among them. He says, very good-naturedly, “What is it you want me to do for you?”

And given this opening they jump right in, saying, “We want you to let us sit right in the front with you, on your left and your right.” They want to be the teacher’s pets. His right- and left-hand men. The first and second runners up in glory. They want to be considered special, set apart from the others.

And when they hear about it, the other disciples get mad – not because they disapproved of what James and John did, but because they wished they had gotten there first. If rewards were being handed out, they didn’t want to be left out. They, too, wanted the benefits of membership in the insider’s club.

The Jesus Insiders Club. whatever that is.

A couple of weeks ago we had an inquirer’s class here at the church – an opportunity for those who are considering membership to learn something about it. We talked about a variety of things – our personal faith histories, practices and beliefs in the Presbyterian Church. But something we did not discuss was the benefits of membership.

I didn’t tell them that when you become a member of WPC you get your own pew, which becomes your personal property for life – in fact, you may bestow this property as a legacy to your descendants, should they become members of WPC. This privilege also confers on you the right to kick out any unwitting newcomers who don’t know any better than to sit there. You can walk right up to them, give them a cold stare and say, “You’re in my seat.”

I didn’t tell them that when you become a member you get a reserved parking space. Or that membership gives you the authority to chew out anyone who puts the silverware in the wrong drawer, passes the offering plate the wrong way, or makes some other unforgiveable faux-pas.

Lording it over and behaving as tyrants – these are the things Jesus says about the gentiles and their leaders.

I did not tell the folks in our inquirer’s class any of these things because, alas, they are not true. Membership in the church of Jesus Christ doesn’t really come with any of these benefits. You don’t even get a membership card. No club jackets, either.

I don’t know why we have this tendency to think that membership gives you some status. That when you become an “insider” you now have something to lord over those who are still outsiders. Maybe it’s because we have a fear of being left out, ourselves; of being outsiders.

When I was a psychology undergrad I learned that human beings are motivated by three innate needs: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power. It isn’t hard to see how these needs sometimes affect the ways we behave with one another. James and John, and I assume the others too, have a need to achieve. They want everyone else to see them as being special. They also have a need to affiliate, to show that they belong.  And finally, they need power. They wrestled with this need for power in the group and their desire to lord it over the others. In spite of everything Jesus says, they continue to wrestle with their need for power.

I want to give them the benefit of the doubt and assume they have been listening to Jesus throughout their journey together. They have heard him say in so many ways that, in his kingdom, the first shall be last and the last first. They have heard him say that, contrary to their hopes and expectations, he is not going to march into Jerusalem and overthrow the empire; he is destined to suffer and die at the hands of the empire. And that any who follow him are called to demonstrate God’s love by serving others, even submitting to humiliation and suffering themselves.

I want to believe they have heard these things, as we have heard them. But, like us, they find them very hard to accept. They, like us, tend to resist these truths. They, like us, will hear in one moment that Jesus will be handed over to the authorities, condemned, and killed. And in the next moment they, like us, will say, “Jesus, give me whatever I ask for.”

Jesus, give me what I am asking for.

Jesus recognizes this problem. He looks at James and John when they say, “We want you to give us whatever we ask for,” and he says, “You don’t know what you are asking for.” Are you able to drink the cup that I drink? Or be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with? Do you really understand what you are asking for?

Can you go where I am going? Are you able to drink the cup?

The cup is bittersweet. It holds both sacrifice and celebration; obedience and freedom; persecution and treasure. The cup holds both death and life.

To drink the cup means drinking all of it.  You can’t push the bitterness over to one side, like you might push your Brussels sprouts over to the side of the plate.  You drink all of it.  Where do you imagine you find the courage to do that?

I will tell you where: in the fellowship of Christ. In the community of the church. Because this community, at its best, is a communion of servants, those who are devoted to serving one another and the least of God’s children. It is a communion of discipleship, as we learn together to practice humility, to extend forgiveness and mercy.

If you want to know the benefits of membership in the church, this is it. It is the community in which we may practice growing in Christ’s likeness. The community in which we are free to expose our weaknesses because, when we dare to do this, we may benefit from the strength of the community holding us up.

Now we don’t always reflect those great qualities, to be blunt. We too often look like the ones who lord it over others, or like James and John in their weaker moments, shoving our way to the front of the line. We too often say, Jesus give us what we want, when we don’t really know what we need.

My old friend Bill shared with me once his concern that young people didn’t seem to want to join – either his clubs or his church. He was a little mystified by this, and also sorry for what he thought they were missing.

I can’t speak for the clubs. But maybe, in the church, we haven’t been clear enough about those real benefits. Not the private pew or the right to judge others; I’m talking about the love and support, both given and received.

May we keep our eye on the true benefits of membership;

May we embrace them fully;

May we draw courage from the strength of one another; our fellowship in Christ.

Photo Credit: Auckland Museum [CC BY 4.0  (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

Receiving the Kingdom

Mark 10:2-16     

My friend Rachel was married when I first met her – and I thought her marriage was divinely happy.  It looked like that from the outside.  But it became awfully clear one day that this was not such a happy marriage, when Tom announced to her that he was planning to file for divorce.  He did not love her anymore, he said, if he ever really had loved her in the first place.

Rachel was heartbroken for a long time.  This was an independent, intelligent, highly capable woman, but now it was like her whole life had fallen apart. Everything that she had believed and valued about her life was now in question. In our conversations during that period, she acknowledged that, yes, the marriage had been troubled but she had not wanted to accept that the troubles were that threatening.  She had not wanted to believe it.  Now, she had to accept it and believe it and deal with it.

It took some time, but gradually she did heal.  There came a time when our conversations weren’t solely focused on the marriage, the divorce, and what Tom was doing. Then one Saturday a couple of years after the divorce I met her for lunch. When she sat down across from me I could see she was in a great deal of distress, and I soon found out why.  Tom was getting remarried.  This was the day of his wedding.  It was like reopening a wound, and starting the bleeding all over again.

Perhaps this is what Jesus was talking about when he said a man who divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her.  No matter the reasons for the divorce, no matter the healing that has taken place after, the bond that was once theirs can still hold the potential for pain.  

Perhaps this whole conversation about divorce and marriage is Jesus’ way of saying to us, as he has said so many times, that he wants to show us a new way. It’s as though he is saying to us – 

You want to talk about what is lawful; I want to talk about what is good.  

You want to dwell on blame and where it should be assigned; I want you to see truth and know that sin permeates every aspect of your lives; in one way not your fault at all, but in another way entirely your responsibility because you’re the only one who can do anything about it.

You want to believe in your own righteousness and you hate to be confronted with the brokenness of your human condition, but I want to show you that you come before God with nothing and any righteousness you have comes from above.

You want to present yourselves as worthy of the kingdom but I want you to know that whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will never enter it.  

As a little child…

A little child who brings no credentials, no accomplishments, nothing to impress.  A child brings only herself, asking only for love.  

A little child who does not need to be complimented for all his great qualities or validated for his actions.  That is only something he learns as he gets older.  A child who brings only himself, asking only to be accepted just as he is.  

Little children have many endearing qualities, but I think the one quality Jesus may wish for us to see today is the quality of humility – a garment that we find quite fitting for little children but less so for ourselves. Not very comfortable, I know that. Yet I don’t see how we can approach the kingdom of God without humility.  

Once again, Jesus pulls us out of our comfort zones. Today he does it by talking about divorce.

We are not comfortable talking about divorce, and some of us are so uncomfortable it becomes hard to even hear what he is saying. He seems to be saying that divorce is sin. But if we are to say that, then let us also say that, sometimes, divorce is the very best we can do in our human condition. If we are to regard divorce as sin, as Jesus seems to be suggesting, then I also want to say it is not necessarily an evil act. Rather, it is a tragic symptom of our brokenness, and every one of us is impacted by this brokenness – divorced or not.  Jesus just wants us accept the fact of this brokenness and the consequent suffering that spreads through our lives. But then maybe he would say – 

So you’re not all that great.  But you’re not that bad, either.  You know what you are? You are a little child looking for love along with the rest of us. And you can find that love in the kingdom of God.

If this text tells us one thing it is that there is pain in life. There is pain in both marriage and divorce, especially in divorce.  But life goes on. And turning away from bitterness and blame is always an option. Seeking redemption and healing is always possible with God.

And so the story of us – if I were to boil it down to its bare essence: we are created in goodness; broken by sin; redeemed by Christ.  This is the Christian story.  This is our story, and this is all we have to present at the doors of the kingdom. Here we are, nothing more than little children.  

It is enough.

Stumbling Blocks

James 5:13-20             

Mark 9:38-50     

I just heard about the new words that have been added to the Scrabble dictionary this year. Among them is “ew.” I like that. I mean, I don’t like the word, but I am amused that it is now something you can play in Scrabble. Ew, the sound you make when the milk has gone bad; what you say when your kid eats his boogers.

My spell-checker still doesn’t know it’s a legitimate word – every time I type it the angry red squiggle lines appears underneath, warning me that I have made a faux pas. But it’s real now, it’s okay to say ew.

The word, ew, will forever and always remind me of the 18-year-old woman in Texas who asked me what I was studying at the university, and when I told her I was working on a PhD she said “ew.” As in, that sounds hard. Boring. Definitely not cool.

Ew. The swift, efficient two-letter judgment.

I don’t know if it’s English. It might be a universal word. After all, it’s more of a reactive noise than a meaningful word, sort of like “huh.” Maybe ew is something you could hear any place in the world, no matter what language is spoken. Maybe the people in ancient Palestine said, “ew” when they passed the lepers. 

Except Jesus. He didn’t say “ew.”

Maybe I’m talking about the word ew today because it’s easier than talking about the gospel passage. It is. This passage from Mark is moving into territory no preacher wants to enter. Jesus is saying weird stuff. He’s talking about hanging millstones around your neck, cutting off your hand or foot, tearing out your eye. That’s a big “ew” for me. He throws out the possibility of being cast into hell – three times, he mentions it. And then ends with, “Have salt. Salt is good.”

I am afraid this passage is chock full of stumbling blocks. But let’s try to get through it.

It begins with the disciples coming to Jesus and tattling on someone who is casting out demons in Jesus’ name. “Teacher, teacher, he’s casting out demons and you didn’t say he could.” Someone outside their small group is battling the demons, evidently with some success. Are the disciples happy about that? No. It’s making them jealous. 

You see, just a short time before this happened there was a man who brought his son to Jesus’ disciples to be healed. The boy was suffering from terrible seizures, which was attributed to a bad spirit within him. The father begged the disciples to cast out this demon from his son. But they couldn’t do it. They tried, but couldn’t do it. When Jesus saw what was going on, he did it himself.

So, just a few short verses later, when they encounter someone who is not one of them, doing what they were unable to do, they were not happy. I suppose it just seemed unfair to them that some Joe Blow steps out and gets it on the first try! Here they have been training for this, but still can’t do it right. It doesn’t seem fair. Of course, it makes no difference to the one who has been healed if their healer was an official disciple or not – he has been healed of an evil spirit. But for the disciples it makes all the difference in the world, and they can take no pleasure in this. They feel that someone ought to stop such things from happening. Jesus should stop it.

But Jesus says, “Whoever is not against us is for us.” Anyone who is doing good work in my name can be on my team. After all, it’s not a competition. Is it?

It’s not as though you would put a block in front of someone who was running the same path as you, so to make them trip and fall, losing ground. It’s not like that, is it?

Is this a competition in your eyes? That you would be judged in comparison to one another, so it is necessary to keep others from getting ahead of you?

But Jesus, they might reply, someone we don’t even know is casting out demons in your name, Jesus! He’s not even a disciple, Jesus. Ew, Jesus. Make him stop. Better we should all fail, than someone we don’t even know, who isn’t a part of our program, should have some success.

Well, Jesus answers them, if you want to put stumbling blocks in front of any of the little ones who believe in me, it would be better for you to drown in the sea. 

This is not an easy passage to deal with. It’s confusing when he talks about stumbling blocks, because first he is accusing them of putting blocks in front of others but then suggests they are making stumbling blocks for themselves. It’s unclear when he talks about the little ones, because it sort of sounds like he’s referring to children, but it’s not clear that there are children here. It’s unnerving when he talks about a choice between cutting off our limbs or going to hell because that doesn’t sound like much of a choice. 

I don’t know exactly what he meant when he speaks of hell – none of us really does. The word in the original text is Gehenna– the name of a place outside Jerusalem, which was a regional garbage dump. A burning, stinking, smoldering garbage heap. It was not uncommon at the time to use this reference, to speak of Gehenna as a kind of hell. Maybe you can think of a modern-day reference that has the same effect. 

But, of course, it is unlikely that he simply means the literal Gehenna. Jesus is very serious here; he wants to convey a state of being that would be painful, intolerable, suffering. Hell.

This is something we don’t like to talk about these days – if we ever did. The idea of hell is frightening – whether it is the image of eternal flames or the dark, cold void of being separated from God. Hell is a place we do not want to go. But Jesus wants us to hear about it. 

If any one of you puts a stumbling block before one of these little ones who believe in me – this is the danger that leads to hell. If you cause a little one to stumble, you are not doing my work. You are doing the work of evil. 

When he speaks of these little ones here, you might want to assume he is speaking of children. After all, it was just a few verses ago that he lifted a child onto his lap and said, “whoever welcomes such a child, welcomes me.” But given the context, I don’t believe it is necessarily children he has on his mind. It is likely that when he says “little ones” he means weaker, less important ones. When he speaks of putting up stumbling blocks before others he means taking advantage of your relative strength to hurt another who is relatively weak. 

Perhaps he is referring, at least in part, to the ones who are casting out demons in his name. His disciples, who are trying to maintain a belief in their own greatness – remember last week, that’s what they were arguing about – are united in bringing down someone else. They seem to be demonstrating a kind of “herd mentality,” as they seem determined to keep strict control over who is in and who is not. They have made themselves the gatekeepers.

Amazingly, they elevated themselves to such a height, they say, “this guy – he wasn’t even following us.” Not, “he wasn’t following you,” but “he wasn’t following us.” Apparently, they no longer think of themselves as followers of Jesus, but more like equal partners in his firm. 

They are wrong, though. They are not his equal partners. In fact, it should be as clear as day that they still have so much to learn. Perhaps a little talk of hell will wake them to that fact.

Because in these recent passages we have seen the disciples behaving badly – even toward each other. They try to bring down one who is not in their inner circle, and they even try to bring each other down. They want to be seen as the best. The first. The greatest. They are willing to put stumbling blocks in front of one another, for the sake of being the greatest.

And it really isn’t about that, not at all. It’s about the community – the ever-growing, always-loved, community. 

One thing Jesus is very clear about, not just here but throughout the gospels, is that his concern is for the wide, wide circle of God’s beloved – a circle that extends well beyond the boundaries of this little band of disciples. At every opportunity, he challenges the boundaries people want to draw. He’s not in it for ego, or for his “brand,” or for any propriety self-interest, he’s in it for God’s boundless love for the world.

So when he speaks about salt, he is talking about salt’s preservative qualities. He is suggesting that they be a little more like salt, in preserving the beloved community he came to draw together and lift up. James, in his letter, has some excellent suggestions for doing that: confess your sins to one another; pray for one another; help one another to stay on the path of righteousness and holiness.

It’s a messy passage, to be sure, this section of Mark. But often the hardest things to say, and hear, are the most important. I pray that we will not put any stumbling blocks in front of one another or ourselves, that we might hear his words and follow his will.

Photo: Salt. By kevindooley - https://www.flickr.com/photos/pagedooley/2769134850/sizes/l/, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5019625