Monday, October 23, 2017

The Enemies of Gratitude, Part 4: Greed


In the film Wall Street, the character Gordon Gecko announces in front of a meeting of corporate stockholders, “Greed is good.” It is a very provocative, shocking thing to say. But it turns out to be something that many people do believe.
People will work hard out of self-interest. One of the joys in life for many of us is to have extra money to use however we want – to treat ourselves to something special. And one of the things we hate is to feel like most, or all, of our paycheck goes to someone else – taxes, mortgage, utility bills. We want a bigger piece for ourselves. Some will say that desire to have a bigger piece for ourselves will motivate us to work harder, work smarter. That may be true for some. Others might just feel resentment.
The Jews of Jesus’ time seemed to feel resentment about too much of their paycheck going to someone else – namely, the Roman Empire. They were heavily taxed and mightily oppressed. The system employed tax collectors who worked out of a profit motive – they collected as much as they could squeeze out of people, because the more they could get, the more they could keep in their own pockets. Greed inspired many tax collectors to take advantage of their fellow Jews. It is not surprising that they were resented by their own community. This included many of Jesus’ followers, who knew firsthand the suffering people endured at the hands of greedy tax collectors in the employ of a greedy empire.
But for some of the Jews, it wasn’t just a matter of paying too much. They resented that they had to pay anything at all to this idolatrous Roman government. The emperor was god and all things belonged to him. The coin Jesus held up for an object lesson not only had a picture of the emperor’s face but also would have had an inscription to the emperor’s divinity. Whereas our coins say “In God We Trust,” the coins of Rome said essentially, “The Emperor is your God, trust him or not.” The Pharisees were certainly offended. They were, like the people who go crazy every December railing against folks who fail to wish them a Merry Christmas, indignant at the fact that not everyone believes the same way they do.
Now, the Herodians in this story – those Jews who are apparently in league with Herod (no doubt, out of greed) – also have an interest in this issue. This group would include the tax collectors and any other Jews who are employed by the empire. The whole sordid system is working for them, so they strongly support the payment of taxes to the emperor.
Everyone standing around Jesus at this moment has an interest in the question. Everyone is waiting to hear what he will say. Is it lawful, according to the Law of Moses, to pay these taxes to the emperor or is it not?
He says, “Whose face is on the coin?” It is, of course, the emperor’s face. Once that is established he says, “Give to the emperor what is the emperor’s.” His picture is on it, so it must be his. Give it to him. And, of course, it naturally follows, give to God what belongs to God.
I’ve always thought his answer to this question is one of his most brilliant moments. It dumbfounded his listeners that day. It dumbfounds us today. Because, when we try to break it down, we can’t quite figure it out.
If all the money belongs to the empire, what is left for us? and what exactly belongs to God?
Does this mean that God is not interested in money? That would certainly have an impact on our pledging and offering, wouldn’t it?
It has been suggested that since the Bible commands a tithe from Israel, 10 percent of all their livestock and crops, this means that 10 percent belongs to God. But that seems a paltry amount, especially in light of Psalm 24, “The earth is the Lord’s and everything in it; the world and all who live in it.”
But, if everything belongs to God, then how can any of it belong to the emperor? And, most important of all, what is left for us?
This seems to be an impossible problem to solve. It will remain an impossible problem for us, as long as we continue to see life as a zero-sum game, where anything that goes to God, or the emperor, means less for us.
It will remain an impossible problem as long as we believe that giving to you means taking away from me. It will remain an impossible problem as long as we are succumbing to the problem of greed.
Even if we don’t agree with Gordon Gecko that greed is good, we still need to face the truth that it exists. We need to acknowledge that we all struggle with the sin of greed. Known as one of the seven deadly sins, greed has been a human weakness throughout our time on earth. And it is, like so many sins, a matter of something good or innocent taking a deadly turn.
It is not wrong to take care of yourself, clearly. But when taking care of yourself turns into the belief that anything that is good for me is good, period, we have entered the realm of greed.
Another film that helps us think about the problem of greed is the old Capra film, Mr. Deeds Goes to Town. Longfellow Deeds is a man who lives a simple life in rural Vermont, when he learns he has inherited a fortune from a distant relative. His first reaction is to say he doesn’t need it; he already has enough. But he is convinced that, like it or not, he is responsible for managing this fortune now, so, Mr. Deeds goes to New York. The money men who surround him in New York quickly decide that Mr. Deeds is hopelessly naïve and will be easy for them to manipulate – which is exactly what they want to do, manipulate his fortune away from him.
The mere proximity of wealth seems to make most men and women greedy for it. The men and women Deeds encounters in New York are blinded by their greed, losing touch with any ethical underpinnings they might have once had. Somehow, the character of Deeds is immune to it. He decides he wants to give his new fortune to the struggling farmers back in Vermont, giving them a hand up. He almost gets committed to a psychiatric hospital for it. His notion that he has enough – enough – seems positively lunatic to others.
In Wall Street, Gordon Gecko is asked by his young protégé, “When will it be enough? How much is enough for you?” Gecko’s answer is that there is no enough. It’s not a question of enough, it’s a question of winning or losing.
And so, in this scene from the gospel, where Jesus is surrounded by Pharisees, Herodians, and Jewish taxpayers, let us consider it from the perspective of winners and losers. The Pharisees and the Herodians want to make Jesus the loser; they want him gone because his very existence takes away from their authority or wealth. The followers of Jesus who hope to see him overthrow the empire want to see Jesus win, thereby making the empire lose. Those who have no more of an interest than that they are tired of paying taxes want to see the empire lose so they can win a little more of their wealth. But Jesus doesn’t play that game.
He will take up the matter of greedy tax collection when he talks with Zacchaeus, but for the moment he will simply remind his listeners that the game of zero-sum is not the way God’s economy runs. In God’s economy, the more you give the more you will have, the less you give the less you will have.
Everything in this world belongs to God. Everything. All that we have is a gift from God. And while it is ours to use, we are to live every day mindful of how we can best serve God. If our first thought is to how we can best serve ourselves, we are missing the mark.
Everything in this world belongs to God. You and I are the stewards of all this wealth. Therefore, every decision about how we use these wonderful resources must be made from the perspective of how well it serves God and all of God’s creation. It won’t ever be a matter of mindlessly following a rule of thumb because God doesn’t want us to ever stop thinking about how much we have received, and how much we can give.

God gives to us out of God’s grace and generosity, asking us to do the same for the sake of this wonderful world God made. And for this we can truly be grateful.

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